Food and Drink Atlas

How The World Eats
Ingredients

Wheat

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The staple grain behind bread, pasta and countless flatbreads across European, Middle Eastern, Indian and North African cuisine, ground into flour for its gluten-forming proteins, which trap gas and give leavened dough its structure. Emmer and einkorn were the earliest cultivated forms; bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a later hybrid that now dominates world production.

Facts
Earliest Documented Use, From (Year)
9600 BCE to 8500 BCE 1
Origin Region
The Fertile Crescent (the Levant and Mesopotamia) 1
Cross-Tradition Connections

Expresses Tradition

Used By

British Cuisine, Cuisines

Wheat bread and pastry are foundational to British baking.

Croissant, Dishes
Source The Oxford Companion to FoodAlan Davidson
Peking Duck, Dishes

The thin pancakes the duck is wrapped in are made from wheat flour.

Source The Oxford Companion to FoodAlan Davidson
Pelmeni, Dishes
Source The Paradox of Pelmeni (The Moscow Times)Pavel and Olga Syutkin
Source The Oxford Companion to FoodAlan Davidson
Ramen, Dishes
Source The Oxford Companion to FoodAlan Davidson
Sources
1. The Oxford Companion to Food
Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press, 2014
On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen
Harold McGee, Scribner, 2004Expresses Tradition: Bread Baking
Larousse Gastronomique
Hamlyn, 2009Used By: Italian Cuisine, entry: Wheat
Larousse Gastronomique
Hamlyn, 2009Used By: French Cuisine, entry: Wheat
Larousse Gastronomique
Hamlyn, 2009Used By: Middle Eastern Cuisine, entry: Wheat
Knowledge, Know How and Practices Pertaining to the Production and Consumption of Couscous (UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, RL 01602)
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, 2020Used By: CouscousView the Source
Exploring the History of Russian Cuisine (Russia Beyond)
Maxim Syrnikov, Russia Beyond, 2013Used By: Russian CuisineView the Source
The Paradox of Pelmeni (The Moscow Times)
Pavel and Olga Syutkin, The Moscow Times, 2022Used By: PelmeniView the Source
British Cuisine (Wikipedia)
WikipediaUsed By: British CuisineView the Source
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