Home›Dishes›Cuisine›Turkish CuisineCuisineTurkish CuisineMiddle Eastern and South Asian CuisinesReference and ClassificationVerifiedTurkish cuisine grew out of the Ottoman court kitchens of Istanbul and the Anatolian countryside, and it emphasizes lamb, eggplant, olives, yogurt and a strong culture of sharing food across many small dishes. Meze, an assortment of hot and cold small plates, opens many meals; dolma, vegetables or vine leaves stuffed with rice and often meat, and baklava, a rich pastry of phyllo dough layered with nuts and steeped in syrup, are among the dishes most associated with it, alongside Turkish coffee, brewed unfiltered in a small long-handled pot called a cezve. Ottoman court cuisine, refined over centuries in the kitchens of Topkapi Palace, spread its techniques and dishes across a former empire that once reached the Balkans, the Middle East and North Africa, which is part of why versions of the same dishes appear under different names across those regions today.FactsLearn MoreTurkish CuisineConnectionsIn the Other AtlasesSourcesTake a Related QuizComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsSignature TechniqueWell-attestedSlow braising and grilling of lamb, extensive use of yogurt as a base and a sauce, and the unfiltered stovetop brewing of coffee in a cezve. 1Origin RegionWell-attestedAnatolia and Istanbul, refined in Ottoman court kitchens and carried across the former Ottoman Empire into the Balkans, the Middle East and North Africa. 1Learn MoreA Palace Kitchen That Fed an Empire This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.Topkapi Palace in Istanbul once ran kitchens large enough to feed thousands of court staff, soldiers and visitors in a single day, and the techniques refined there over centuries did not stay behind palace walls. Ottoman court cooking systematized what had been Anatolian farmhouse ingredients, lamb, yogurt, eggplant, olives, rice and a wide vocabulary of stuffed and rolled vegetables, into a repertoire precise enough to be taught and repeated at scale, and then carried it outward across an empire that once stretched from the Balkans through the Middle East into North Africa. That is a large part of why a version of the same stuffed grape leaf turns up as Greek dolma, Bulgarian sarma and Levantine warak enab, each claimed as authentically local and each, in a real sense, correct to claim. Meze, the practice of opening a meal with many small hot and cold dishes rather than one large course, spread the same way, as did the technique of grilling and slow braising lamb until it falls apart. None of this makes the food any less genuinely Turkish today. It means Turkish cuisine did something few regional cuisines manage: it became an administrative technology as well as a culinary one, exported through governance rather than only through trade or migration, which is why its fingerprints show up in kitchens that never saw a single Ottoman soldier.The Small Plates That Open Every Meal This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.Meze is not an appetizer course in the sense a European menu means it. It is a different way of structuring a meal entirely, built from many small hot and cold dishes eaten slowly, over conversation and usually over a drink, rather than moving briskly toward one main plate. A Turkish meze spread might set out yogurt-based dips, stuffed vine leaves, marinated vegetables, cheese, and small portions of grilled or fried seafood, with no dish required to be the centerpiece and every dish expected to be shared. The word and the practice are held in common across a wide swath of the former Ottoman world and the wider eastern Mediterranean, Greek, Cypriot, Lebanese and other regional versions all recognizable as the same idea, and that overlap is not a coincidence of naming: it reflects centuries of shared cooking practice across a region that traded and governed itself as one connected kitchen long before it was divided into separate national cuisines. What makes it worth pausing on is the underlying claim meze makes about eating well: that variety and pacing, many good small things over a long unhurried table, can be a more complete meal than any single ambitious dish.Turkish CuisineFilter Results50 entriesDish FamilyAllCentral and South Asian Noodles and Dumplings (1)Confections and Candies (2)Desserts and Sweet Puddings (1)European Breads and Pastries (1)European Dips and Spreads (1)European Roasted, Grilled and Fried Dishes (2)European Soups (1)European Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (2)Fermented and Pickled Fish (1)Filled Pasta and Ravioli Variants (1)Middle Eastern and North African Breads and Pastries (7)Middle Eastern and North African Rice and Grain Dishes (3)Middle Eastern and North African Roasted, Grilled and Fried Dishes (9)Middle Eastern and North African Soups (2)Middle Eastern and North African Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (6)Middle Eastern Salads (3)North American Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (1)Raw, Cured and Potted Meat Dishes (1)Shaved Ice and Frozen Desserts (1)South Asian Breads and Pastries (1)South Asian Roasted, Grilled and Fried Dishes (1)South Asian Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (1)Stuffed and Filled Vegetable Dishes (1)Main IngredientAllBarley (1)Beef (3)Bell Pepper (2)Black Pepper (2)Bonito (1)Bread (1)Broth (1)Bulgur (1)Butter (3)Cabbage (1)Cheese (3)Chicken (1)Chili Pepper (1)Common Bean (1)Corn Starch (1)Cream (1)Cucumber (1)Dill (1)Egg (8)Eggplant (3)Flour (5)Garlic (3)Ground Meat (3)Hazelnut (1)Honey (1)Lamb (6)Lemon (2)Liver (1)Meat (4)Milk (3)Mutton (1)Navy Bean (1)Olive Oil (1)Onion (7)Oregano (1)Parsley (4)Pomegranate (1)Potato (3)Rice (4)Salt (3)Semolina (1)Spinach (2)Sugar (3)Tomato (3)Veal (2)Vegetable (4)Walnut (2)Water (1)Water Buffalo (1)Wheat Flour (2)Whipped Cream (1)Yogurt (3)Zucchini (1)Era (Origin Period)All800 (1)900 (1)1101 (1)1200 (2)1300 (1)1330 (1)1400 (4)1700 (2)1832 (1)1923 (1)TraditionAllBread Baking (2)Christmas Feast Traditions (3)Easter Food Traditions (2)Fermentation (1)Lenten Fasting Foods (1)Mezze (1)New Year Feast Traditions (3)Passover and Jewish Holiday Foods (4)Ramadan and Eid Feasting Traditions (4)Salt Curing, Smoking and Drying (1)Street Food Culture (7)Wedding Feast Traditions (1)Format/TypeAllCentral and South Asian Noodles and Dumplings (1)Confections and Candies (2)Desserts and Sweet Puddings (1)European Breads and Pastries (1)European Dips and Spreads (1)European Roasted, Grilled and Fried Dishes (2)European Soups (1)European Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (2)Fermented and Pickled Fish (1)Filled Pasta and Ravioli Variants (1)Middle Eastern and North African Breads and Pastries (7)Middle Eastern and North African Rice and Grain Dishes (3)Middle Eastern and North African Roasted, Grilled and Fried Dishes (9)Middle Eastern and North African Soups (2)Middle Eastern and North African Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (6)Middle Eastern Salads (3)North American Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (1)Raw, Cured and Potted Meat Dishes (1)Shaved Ice and Frozen Desserts (1)South Asian Breads and Pastries (1)South Asian Roasted, Grilled and Fried Dishes (1)South Asian Stews, Braises and Sauced Dishes (1)Stuffed and Filled Vegetable Dishes (1)CourseAllDessert (5)Main Course (4)Snack or Street Food (3)Soup (5)Dietary SuitabilityAllContains Dairy or Egg (9)Contains Meat or Poultry (16)Origin RegionAllAnatolia (2)Armenia (2)Asia (5)Central Asia (3)Cyprus (1)Eastern Europe (1)Egypt (1)Europe (2)Greece (2)Iran (2)Iraq (2)Lebanon (1)Ottoman Empire (2)Peru (1)Spain (1)Syria (1)The Balkans (1)The Levant (1)The Maghreb (1)The Middle East (1)Turkey (28)United Kingdom (1)Show ResultsBrowseCompareSelect all 50Adana kebabıTurkish CuisineAlmadrocTurkish CuisineArnavut ciğeriTurkish CuisineAshureTurkish CuisineAvgolemonoTurkish CuisineBaked beansTurkish CuisineBaked PotatoTurkish CuisineBaklavaTurkish CuisineBerkoukesTurkish CuisineBeyran SoupTurkish CuisineBoraniTurkish CuisineBurekTurkish CuisineÇılbırTurkish CuisineÇoban salatasıTurkish CuisineDolmaTurkish CuisineDondurmaTurkish CuisineEkmek KadayifiTurkish CuisineFried eggplantTurkish CuisineGüllaçTurkish CuisineHaleemTurkish CuisineHünkârbeğendiTurkish CuisineKarnıyarıkTurkish CuisineKebabTurkish CuisineKemal Pasha dessertTurkish CuisineKesmeTurkish CuisineKibbehTurkish CuisineKofteTurkish CuisineKumpirTurkish CuisineKuru fasulyeTurkish CuisineLahmacunTurkish CuisineLakerdaTurkish CuisineMacunTurkish CuisineMantiTurkish CuisineMenemenTurkish CuisineMücverTurkish CuisinePastirmaTurkish CuisinePişmaniyeTurkish CuisinePiyazTurkish CuisinePottageTurkish CuisineQuziTurkish CuisineRamazan pidesiTurkish CuisineSamsaTurkish CuisineSarmaTurkish CuisineShashlikTurkish CuisineShish koftaTurkish CuisineStuffed PeppersTurkish CuisineStuffed SquashTurkish CuisineSütlü NuriyeTurkish CuisineTavukgöğsüTurkish CuisineYayla çorbasıTurkish CuisineConnectionsAssociated WithGreek Cuisine, Cuisines Well-attested ConnectedOttoman rule left Greek cuisine sharing several dishes, most visibly baklava and kataifi, with Turkish cuisine.Source Greece: Daily Life and Social Customs (Encyclopaedia Britannica)Turkish Coffee, Drinks Well-attested ConnectedTurkish coffee, brewed unfiltered in a cezve, is one of the cuisine signature drinks and carries UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage status.Source Turkish Coffee Culture and Tradition (UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, Nomination 00645)tier 1Expresses TraditionHalal (Islamic Dietary Law), Food Traditions Well-attested Mezze, Food Traditions Well-attested Features DishAdana kebabı, Dishes Well-attested Source Adana kebabı (Wikipedia)Almadroc, Dishes Well-attested Source Almadroc (Wikipedia)Arnavut ciğeri, Dishes Well-attested Source Arnavut cigeri (Wikipedia)Ashure, Dishes Well-attested Source Ashure (Wikipedia)Avgolemono, Dishes Well-attested Source Avgolemono (Wikipedia)tier 2Baked beans, Dishes Well-attested Source Baked beans (Wikipedia)Baked Potato, Dishes Well-attested Source Baked potato (Wikipedia)Baklava, Dishes Well-attested Berkoukes, Dishes Well-attested Source Berkoukes (dish) (Wikipedia)Beyran Soup, Dishes Well-attested Source Beyran Soup (Wikipedia)Borani, Dishes Well-attested Source Borani (Wikipedia)Burek, Dishes Well-attested Source Burek (Wikipedia)tier 3Çılbır, Dishes Well-attested Source Cilbir (Wikipedia)Çoban salatası, Dishes Well-attested Source Çoban salatası (Wikipedia)Dolma, Dishes Well-attested Source Dolma (Wikipedia)tier 3Dondurma, Dishes Well-attested Source Dondurma (Wikipedia)Ekmek Kadayifi, Dishes Well-attested Source Ekmek kadayıfı (Wikipedia)Fried eggplant, Dishes Well-attested Source Fried eggplant (Wikipedia)Güllaç, Dishes Well-attested Source Güllaç (Wikipedia)Haleem, Dishes Well-attested Source Haleem (Wikipedia)tier 3Hünkârbeğendi, Dishes Well-attested Source Hunkarbegendi (Wikipedia)Karnıyarık, Dishes Well-attested Source Karnıyarık (Wikipedia)Kebab, Dishes Well-attested Source Kebab - WikipediaKemal Pasha dessert, Dishes Well-attested Source Kemal Pasha dessert (Wikipedia)Kesme, Dishes Well-attested Source Wikipedia, KesmeKibbeh, Dishes Well-attested Source Kibbeh (Wikipedia)tier 3Kofte, Dishes Well-attested Kumpir, Dishes Well-attested Source Kumpir (Wikipedia)Kuru fasulye, Dishes Well-attested Source Kuru fasulye (Wikipedia)Lahmacun, Dishes Well-attested Source Lahmacun (Wikipedia)tier 3Lakerda, Dishes Well-attested Source Lakerda (Wikipedia)Macun, Dishes Well-attested Source Macun (Wikipedia)Manti, Dishes Well-attested Menemen, Dishes Well-attested Source Menemen (Wikipedia)Mücver, Dishes Well-attested Source Mücver (Wikipedia)Pastirma, Dishes Well-attested Source Pastirma (Wikipedia)Pişmaniye, Dishes Well-attested Source Pişmaniye (Wikipedia)Piyaz, Dishes Well-attested Source Piyaz (Wikipedia)Pottage, Dishes Well-attested Source Pottage - WikipediaQuzi, Dishes Well-attested Source Quzi (Wikipedia)Ramazan pidesi, Dishes Well-attested Source Ramazan pidesi (Wikipedia)Samsa, Dishes Well-attested Source Samsa (Wikipedia)tier 3Sarma, Dishes Well-attested Source Stuffed leaves (Wikipedia)Shashlik, Dishes Well-attested Source Shashlik (Wikipedia)tier 3Shish kofta, Dishes Well-attested Source Shish kofta (Wikipedia)Stuffed Peppers, Dishes Well-attested Source Stuffed peppers (Wikipedia)Stuffed Squash, Dishes Well-attested Source Stuffed squash (Wikipedia)Sütlü Nuriye, Dishes Well-attested Source Sütlü Nuriye (Wikipedia)Tavukgöğsü, Dishes Well-attested Source Tavukgogsu (Wikipedia)Yayla çorbası, Dishes Well-attested Source Yayla çorbası (Wikipedia)Long-Form ArticlesA Palace Kitchen That Fed an Empire, Articles Well-attested The Small Plates That Open Every Meal, Articles Well-attested Uses IngredientOlive Oil, Ingredients Well-attested In the Other AtlasesOriginated InAnatoliaAlso in Geography Atlas: where this subject originated.Source Turkey (Turkiye): Cultural Life (Encyclopaedia Britannica)The BalkansAlso in Geography Atlas: where this subject originated.Source Turkey (Turkiye): Cultural Life (Encyclopaedia Britannica)The Middle EastAlso in Geography Atlas: where this subject originated.Source Turkey (Turkiye): Cultural Life (Encyclopaedia Britannica)The Ottoman EmpireAlso in History Atlas: where this subject originated.Source Turkey (Turkiye): Cultural Life (Encyclopaedia Britannica)Sources1. Turkey (Turkiye): Cultural Life (Encyclopaedia Britannica)Encyclopaedia BritannicaView the SourceTurkish Cuisine (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaHistoryQuote, HistoryIt developed primarily from Ottoman cuisine, which synthesized Central Asian culinary traditions with Mediterranean and Middle Eastern influences.View the SourceTurkish Coffee Culture and Tradition (UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, Nomination 00645)tier 1UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, 2013Associated With: Turkish CoffeeView the SourceGreece: Daily Life and Social Customs (Encyclopaedia Britannica)Encyclopaedia BritannicaAssociated With: Greek CuisineView the SourceBurek (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaFeatures Dish: BurekView the SourceKibbeh (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaFeatures Dish: Kibbeh, Wikipedia category listView the SourceShashlik (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaFeatures Dish: Shashlik, Wikipedia category listView the SourceHaleem (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaFeatures Dish: Haleem, Wikipedia category listView the SourceLahmacun (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaFeatures Dish: Lahmacun, Wikipedia category listView the SourceStuffed leaves (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Sarma, Wikipedia category listView the SourceDolma (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaFeatures Dish: Dolma, Wikipedia category listView the SourceQuzi (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Quzi, Wikipedia category listView the SourceKebab - WikipediaFeatures Dish: Kebab, Wikipedia category listView the SourcePottage - WikipediaFeatures Dish: Pottage, Wikipedia category listView the SourceMenemen (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Menemen, Wikipedia category listAvgolemono (Wikipedia)tier 2WikipediaFeatures Dish: Avgolemono, Wikipedia category listView the SourceWikipedia, KesmeFeatures Dish: Kesme, Wikipedia category listView the SourceAlmadroc (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Almadroc, Wikipedia category listCilbir (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Çılbır, Wikipedia category listView the SourceLakerda (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Lakerda, Wikipedia category listView the SourceBaked potato (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Baked Potato, Wikipedia category listView the SourceStuffed peppers (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Stuffed Peppers, Wikipedia category listView the SourceKumpir (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Kumpir, Wikipedia category listView the SourceBorani (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Borani, Wikipedia category listView the SourcePastirma (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Pastirma, Wikipedia category listView the SourceKarnıyarık (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Karnıyarık, Wikipedia category listView the SourceBaked beans (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Baked beans, Wikipedia category listView the SourceBerkoukes (dish) (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Berkoukes, Wikipedia category listView the SourceFried eggplant (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Fried eggplant, Wikipedia category listView the SourceShish kofta (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Shish kofta, Wikipedia category listView the SourceRamazan pidesi (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Ramazan pidesi, Wikipedia category listView the SourceKuru fasulye (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Kuru fasulye, infobox national_cuisine fieldQuote, Features Dish: Kuru fasulye, infobox national_cuisine fieldTurkish cuisineView the SourceSamsa (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaFeatures Dish: Samsa, Infobox: national_cuisineQuote, Features Dish: Samsa, Infobox: national_cuisineKazakh, Kyrgyz, Persian, Tajik, Turkish, Turkmen, Uyghur, UzbekView the SourceBeyran Soup (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Beyran Soup, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Beyran Soup, lead paragraphBeyran, also known as Beyran soup, is a Turkish soup originating in Gaziantep, Turkey, where it's commonly served for breakfast.View the SourceEkmek kadayıfı (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Ekmek Kadayifi, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Ekmek Kadayifi, lead paragraphEkmek kadayıfı is a specialty dessert of Turkish cuisine but it is also known in many regions that were historically part of the Ottoman Empire.View the SourceMacun (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Macun, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Macun, lead paragraphMacun (in Turkish also Macun şekeri) is a soft, sweet and colorful Turkish toffee paste.View the SourceÇoban salatası (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Çoban salatası, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Çoban salatası, lead paragraphÇoban salatası or choban salad (Turkish for "shepherd's salad") is a salad that originated from Turkish cuisine, consisting of finely chopped tomatoes (preferably peeled), cucumbers, long green peppers, onion, and flat-leaf parsley.View the SourceMücver (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Mücver, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Mücver, lead paragraphMücver is a Turkish fritter or pancake, made from grated zucchini (courgette).View the SourceSütlü Nuriye (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Sütlü Nuriye, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Sütlü Nuriye, lead paragraphSütlü Nuriye (Milky Nuriye) is a Turkish dessert similar to baklava, but instead of syrup it contains milk, which gives a whitish look to the dessert.View the SourcePişmaniye (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Pişmaniye, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Pişmaniye, lead paragraphPişmaniye is a Turkish confection made by blending flour roasted in butter into pulled sugar and then forming it into fine strands.View the SourceGüllaç (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Güllaç, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Güllaç, lead paragraphGüllaç (pronounced [ɟylˈlatʃ]) is a Turkish dessert made with milk, rose water, pomegranate and a special kind of pastry.View the SourceYayla çorbası (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Yayla çorbası, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Yayla çorbası, lead paragraphYayla çorbasi ('highland soup'), also known as yoğurtlu çorba ('yogurt soup'), is a Turkish yogurt soup cooked with a variety of herbs (mint, purslane, parsley and others), rice, and (sometimes) chickpeas.View the SourceKemal Pasha dessert (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Kemal Pasha dessert, lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Kemal Pasha dessert, lead paragraphKemal Pasha dessert (Turkish: Kemalpaşa tatlısı) is a Turkish dessert dish.View the SourceStuffed squash (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Stuffed Squash, Infobox: national_cuisineQuote, Features Dish: Stuffed Squash, Infobox: national_cuisineEgyptian, Levantine, TurkishView the SourceDondurma (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Dondurma, Lead sectionQuote, Features Dish: Dondurma, Lead sectionDondurma is the Turkish name for ice creamView the SourcePiyaz (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Piyaz, Lead sectionQuote, Features Dish: Piyaz, Lead sectionis a bean salad or meze in Turkish cuisine and Persian cuisineView the SourceAshure (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Ashure, Infobox: regionQuote, Features Dish: Ashure, Infobox: regionArmenia, Turkey, Middle East, BalkansView the SourceAdana kebabı (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Adana kebabı, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Adana kebabı, Lead paragraphThe kebab is named after Adana, the fifth-largest city of Turkey, and was originally known as the kıyma kebabı (lit: minced meat kebab) or kıyma in Adana-Mersin and the southeastern provinces of Turkey.View the SourceTavukgogsu (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Tavukgöğsü, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Tavukgöğsü, Lead paragraphTavukgöğsü (Turkish: tavukgöğsü, [taˈvukɟœːˈsy], 'chicken breast') is a Turkish milk pudding made with shredded chicken breast.View the SourceArnavut cigeri (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Arnavut ciğeri, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Arnavut ciğeri, Lead paragraphArnavut ciğeri (literally "Albanian liver") is a Turkish dish made of oil-fried lamb or veal liver cubes seasoned with hot pepper, served traditionally with onion and parsley.View the SourceHunkarbegendi (Wikipedia)Features Dish: Hünkârbeğendi, Lead paragraphQuote, Features Dish: Hünkârbeğendi, Lead paragraphHünkârbeğendi, or simply beğendi (literally, 'the sovereign is pleased'), is an eggplant and meat (lamb or beef) dish in Ottoman cuisine.View the SourceTake a Related QuizSignature Techniques of World CuisinesCovers this kind of entry.Comments (0)No comments yet. 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