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Cuisine

Middle Eastern Cuisine

Middle Eastern and South Asian Cuisines

The shared cooking traditions of the Levant, Mesopotamia and the Arabian Peninsula, unified across many national kitchens by flatbread, olive oil, chickpeas, lamb and a mezze table of small shared dishes. Levantine cooking (the eastern Mediterranean coast) leans on olive oil, tahini and fresh herbs; Gulf and Arabian Peninsula cooking leans on rice, dried lime and slow-spiced meats reflecting historic trade with South Asia and East Africa. Religious dietary law observed across the region belongs to Divinity's own coverage; this atlas holds the foodways. Familiar dishes across the region's many kitchens include kebabs, falafel, dolmas and baklava, and the Fertile Crescent within it, spanning ancient Mesopotamia, was among the first places wheat was cultivated, followed there by rye, barley, lentils and other staples that still anchor the region's cooking.

Facts
Signature Technique
Grinding chickpeas and sesame into hummus and tahini, flatbread baking in a wood fired oven, and deep frying ground legume fritters such as falafel are hallmark techniques. 1
Origin Region
The Levant and Arabian Peninsula, spanning the eastern Mediterranean and West Asia. 2
Connections

Held Differently

North African Cuisine, Cuisines

Levantine Arab cuisine historically recognized North African, or Maghrebi, cooking as its own distinct tradition, naming couscous moghrabiyyeh, the North African dish, rather than treating the two as interchangeable.

Source Couscous (Encyclopedia of Food and Culture)Teresa de Castro

Expresses Tradition

Source The Oxford Companion to FoodAlan Davidson
Source The Oxford Companion to FoodAlan Davidson

Features Dish

Baba Ghanoush, Dishes
Falafel, Dishes
Source Encyclopaedia Britannica
Hummus, Dishes
Source The Oxford Companion to FoodAlan Davidson
Pita, Dishes

Uses Ingredient

Cumin, Ingredients

Cumin is native to the Levant and remains a defining Middle Eastern spice.

Source Cumin (Wikipedia)
Olive Oil, Ingredients
Source Larousse Gastronomique
Wheat, Ingredients
Source Larousse Gastronomique
Sources
1. On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen
Harold McGee, Scribner, 2004technique discussion: legume pastes and flatbread
2. Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.
  • entry: Middle Eastern cuisine
  • Features Dish: Falafel
View the Source
The Oxford Companion to Food
Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press, 2014
  • entry: Middle Eastern cookery
  • Expresses Tradition: Spice Trade Traditions, s.v. Spice Trade
  • Expresses Tradition: Halal (Islamic Dietary Law), entry: Islamic dietary laws
Middle Eastern Cuisine (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia
  • lead section: staple dishes
    Common ingredients include olives and olive oil, pitas, honey, sesame seeds, dates, sumac, chickpeas, mint, rice and parsley, and popular dishes include kebabs, dolmas, falafel, baklava, yogurt, doner kebab, shawarma and mulukhiyah.
  • section: History and influences
    The Middle East incorporates the Fertile Crescent, including Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia) where wheat was first cultivated, followed by rye, barley, lentils, beans, pistachios, figs, pomegranates, dates and other regional staples.
View the Source
Larousse Gastronomique
Hamlyn, 2009
  • Uses Ingredient: Wheat, entry: Wheat
  • Uses Ingredient: Olive Oil, entry: Olive Oil
Couscous (Encyclopedia of Food and Culture)
Teresa de Castro, Charles Scribner's Sons, via Encyclopedia.comAssociated With: North African CuisineView the Source
Cumin (Wikipedia)
WikipediaUses Ingredient: CuminView the Source

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